EXPLANATORY NOTES ON MAIN STATISTICAL INDICATORS
Total Imports and Exports at Customs refer to the value of commodities imported into and exported from the boundary of China. They include the actual imports and exports through foreign trade, imported and exported goods under the processing and assembling trades and materials, supplies and gifts as and given gratis between governments and by the United Nations and other international organizations, and contributions donated by overseas Chinese, Compatriots in Hong Kong and Macao and Chinese with foreign citizenship, leasing commodities owned by tenant at the expiration of leasing period, the imported and exported commodities processed with imported materials, commodities trading in border areas (excluding mutual exchange goods), the imported and exported commodities and articles for public use of the Sino-foreign joint ventures, cooperatioe enterprises and ventures exclusively with foreign own investmet. Also included are import or export of samples and advertising goods for whose CIF or FOB value are beyond the permitted ceiling (excluding goods of no trading or use value and free commodities for export), imported goods sold in China from bonded warehoues and other imported or exported or exported goods. The indicator of the total imports and exports at customs can be used to observe the total size of external trade in a country. In accordance with the stipulation of the Chinese government, imports are calculaed at CIF, while exports are caloulated at FOB.     Utilization of Foreign Capital refers to remittance, equipment and technology financed from abroad, by loans, foreign direct investment and other forms undertaken by the Chines governmentsat all levels, by various departments, enterprises and other economic units.     Foreign Loans a major part of China's utilization of foreign capital, refer to funds borrowed from abroad, including loans of foreign governments, loans of international financial institutions, commercial loans of foreign banks, export credit, and funds raised by Chinese bonds and shares issued abroad. Direct Investment by Foreign Entrepreneurs refers to the investments inside China by foreign enterprises and economic organizations or individuals (including overseas Chinese, compatriots from Hong Kong and Macao, and Chinese enterprises registered abrodad), following the relevant policies and laws of China, for the establishment of ventures exclusively with foreign own investment, sino-foreign joint ventures and cooperative enterprises or for co-operative exploration of resources with enterprises or economic organizations in China. It includes the re-investment of the foreign entrepreneurs with the profits gained from the investment and the funds that enterprises borrow from abroad in the total investment of projects which are approved by the relevant department of the government.     Contracted Projects with Foreign Countries refer to projects undertaken by Chinese contractors (project contracting companies) through bidding process. They include: (1) overseas civil engineering construction projects financed by foreign investors; (2) overseas projects financed by the Chinese government through its foreign-aid programs; (3) construction projects of Chinese diplomatic missions, trade offices and other institutions stationed abroad; (4) construction projects in China financed by foreign investment; (5) sub-contracted projects to be taken by Chinese contractors through a joint umbrella project with foreign contractor (s); (6) technical assistance projects in the form of service results and chargeable to the owners (such as topographic surveying, geological prospection, development zone programming, provision of designing documents, blueprint, materials on production process, technical consultation, project feasibility studies and evaluation, personnel training, etc.); and (7)housing development projects. The business income from international contracted projects is the work volume of contracted projects completed during the reference period, expressed in monetary terms, including completed work on projects signed in previous years.     Service Co-operation with Foreign Countriesrefers to the activities of providing technology and labour services to employers or contractors in the forms of receiving salaries and wages. Labour services providing by contractual joint ventures of Chinese international contracting corporations should be included in the statistics of service co-operation with foreign countries. The business income of labour service co-operation is the income in the form of wages and salaries, overtime pay, honuses and other remuneration received from the employers during the reference period.     Number of Tourists refers to the number of foreigners, overseas Chinese, and compatriots from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan coming to China for sightseeing, visits, tours, family reunions, vacations, study tours and other activities of an economic, scientific and technological, cultural, physical culture and religious nature. This does not include the number of employees of foreign organizations stationed in China such as embassies, consulates, news agencies, the offices of corporations and enterprises and foreign experts and students residing in China and the persons staying briefly in chian but not for passing the night.     Foreign Exchange Earnings from International Tourism refer to the total expenditures of the foreigners, overseas Chinese, compatriots from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan in the process of their tourism in the mainland of China. Their expenditures mentioned above are foreign exchange earnings to China.