普通高等学校 指按照国家规定的设置标准和审批程序批准举办，通过国家统一招生考试，招收高中毕业生为主要培养对象，实施高等教育的全日制大学、独立设置的学院和高等专科学校、短期职业大学。
    成人高等学校 指按照国家有关规定审批，招收通过全国成人高教统一招生考试的具有高中毕业或同等学历的在职从业人员利用脱产、半脱产、业余或函授等多种形式对其实施高等学历教育，培养高等教育专科或本科毕业水平的专门人才，修业年限、课程设置和总学时数均按高等学历教育要求付诸实施的学校。包括广播电视大学、职工高等学校、农民高等学校、管理干部学院、教育学院、独立设置的函授学院等。
    小学学龄儿童入学率 指调查范围内已入小学学习的学龄儿童占校内外学龄儿童总数（包括弱智儿童在内，但不包括盲聋哑儿童）的比重。计算公式：
    小学学龄儿童入学率＝已入学的小学学龄儿童数/校内外小学学龄儿童总数×100％
    研究与开发机构 指有明确的任务和研究方向，有一定学术水平的业务骨干和一定数量的研究人员，具有研究、开发、开展学术工作的基本条件，主要进行科学研究与技术开发活动，并且在行政上有独立的组织形式，财务上独立核算盈亏，有权与其他单位签订合同，在银行有单独户头的单位。包括国务院各部门、中国科学院、中国社会科学院和各省、自治区、直辖市以及地(市)以上［含地(市)］各部门所属的国有独立的科学研究与技术开发机构。
    研究与开发机构职工 指在科学研究与技术开发机构工作，并由其支付工资的各种人员。包括长期职工和临时职工，不包括编制以外的离休，退休人员和停薪留职人员，但包括招聘人员。
    研究与发展经费支出 指报告期内用于研究与实验发展课题活动(基础研究、应用研究、实验发展)的全部实际支出。包括用于研究与发展课题活动的直接支出，还包括间接用于研究与发展活动的一切支出(院、所管理费、维持院、所正常运转的必需费用和与研究发展有关的基本建设支出)。
    科学家和工程师 指具有大学本科及以上学历的和不具备上述学历但有高、中级职称的人员。
    发明 指专利法及其实施细则所称的发明，指对有关产品、方法或其改进所提出的新的技术方案。
    实用新型 指专利法及其实施细则所称的实用新型，指对产品的形状、构造或者其结合所提出的适于实用的新的技术方案。
    外观设计 专利法及其实施细则所称的外观设计是指对产品的形状、图案、色彩或者其结合所作出的富有美感并适于工业上应用的新设计。
    驰名商标 是指在市场上享有较高声誉并为相关公众所熟知的注册商标，也是一种法律保护手段。
    著名商标 著名商标的知名度介于驰名商标和普通商标之间的商标群落，是驰名商标坚实的后备力量。
    文化事业机构 指从事专业文化工作和为专业文化工作服务的独立建制的单独核算的单位。不包括这些单位另外举办独立核算的其他机构和各部门的业余文化组织。
    艺术表演团体 指从事戏曲、音乐、舞蹈、杂技等专业艺术表演，有独立帐户，实行单独核算的团体。不包括半工半艺、半农半艺和民间职业剧团。
    电影放映单位 指具有放映机器设备、固定或不固定的放映场所与专职或兼职的放映技术人员，经有关部门登记批准，经常为一定的观众对象放映电影的机构。包括经批准对外开放进行营业，并与电影发行放映管理机构分帐的专用放映单位和军委系统租片单位。
    艺术表演观众人数（人次） 指售票、包场演出或民族地区免费演出的艺术表演观众人次数。不包括彩排审查和内部观摩演出的观看人次数。 

    Regular Institutions of Higher Education refer to educational establishments set up according to the government evaluation and approval procedures, enrolling graduates from senior secondary schools and providing higher education courses and training for senior professionals. They include full-time universities, colleges, high professional schools and short-term professional universities.
    Institutions of Higher Education for Adults refer to educational establishments, set up in line with relevant rules approved by the government, enrolling staff and workers with senior secondary school or equivalent education, and providing higher education courses in many forms of full-time, part-time, spare-time, or correspondence for adults. Professionals thus trained receive a qualification equivalent to graduates studying regular courses at regular universities, colleges and professional colleges. Institutions of higher learning for adults include Radio and TV universities, schools of high education for staff and workers and peasants, colleges for management cadres, pedagogical colleges, independent correspondence colleges.
    Enrollment Rate of Primary School-aged Children refers to the proportion of school-aged children enrolled at schools to the total number of school-age children both in and outside schools (including retarded children, but excluding blind, deaf and mute children). The formula is:
    Enrollment Rate of Primary School-aged Children =Total Primary School-aged Children at Schools/Total Primary School-age Children Both at and Outside Schools*100%
    Research and Development Institutions refer to the state-owned institutions which have direct mission and research purpose, a certain number of core member with higher research level and a certain number of research personnel, favorable conditions for R & D and engaging in scientific research and technological development. The institutions also have their own independent organization and finance, authority to sign contracts with other units, with their own accounts in banks. Independent research and development institutions include the institutions attached to central government agencies, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Chinese Academy of Social and the institutions attached to local governments.
    Personnel of Research and Development Institutions refers to the persons who work and receive payment in research and development institutions. It includes regular full-time and temporary staff and workers, but excludes retirees and persons who leave their work temporarily without payment but still retain their posts.
    Total Expenditure on Research and Development refers to all actual expenditure made for R & D (basic research, applied research and experimental development) in reference period. It included direct expenditure on R & D and indirect expenditure on R & D (including management expenses, administrative expense and investment in capital construction relating to R & D.
    Scientists and Engineers refer to persons who have completed university or higher education or obtained titles of senior and middle-level professional positions.
    Inventions refer to the utility models as specified by the patent law and its detailed rules and regulations for implementation. They refer to the new technical proposals to the products or methods or their modifications.
    Utility Models refer to the utility models as specified by the patent law and its detailed rules and regulations for implementation. They refer to the practical and new technical proposals on the shape and structure of the product or the combination of both.
Designs refer to the designs as specified by the patent law and its detailed rules and regulation for implementation. They refer to the aesthetics and industry-applicable new designs for the shape, pattern and color of the product, or their combinations.
    Famous Trade Marks refer to trade marks publicly known with higher honors. It is also a legal protection.
    Well-known Trade Marks their fames are between famous trade marks and ordinary trade marks. And they are tough reserve force of famous trade marks
    Cultural Institutions refer to units which have their own organizational system and independent accounting system and specialize in or serve cultural development. They exclude other establishments run by these cultural institutions and amateur cultural groups established by various departments. 
    Art Troupe refers to the troupe which is engaged in drama, opera, music, dance, acrobatics or other art performance, opens independent accounts with banks and has self-supporting accounting system; excluding the troupes which are engaged partly in industrial or agricultural activities, partly in art performance and the professional troupes organized by the people.
    Film Projection Units refer to units with film projection equipment, full or part time projectionists, permanent or nonpermanent places, approved by related administrative departments to show films regularly for certain groups of audience, including those film projection units which have been approved to give commercial shows and run business with independent accounting system as well as those film-renting units of the military system.
    Number of Spectators at Art Performance refers to the number of attendants at commercial shows, completely booked shows of free shows given in minority national areas, and does not include the number of spectators at rehearsals for examination and internal shows for study.