人口数 指一定时点、一定地区范围内的有生命的个人的总和。
年度统计的年末人口数是指每年12月31日24时的人口数。
城镇人口和乡村人口 其定义有三种口径：
第一种口径（按行政建制）
城镇人口是指市辖区内和县辖镇的全部人口；
乡村人口是指县辖乡人口。
第二种口径（按常住人口划分）
城镇人口是指设区的市的区人口和不设区的市所辖的街道人口以及不设区的市所辖镇的居民委员会人口和县辖镇的居民委员会人口；
乡村人口是除上述人口以外的全部人口。
第三种口径
城乡人口的划分是按照国家统计局1999年发布的《关于统计上划分城乡的规定（试行）》计算的。
1952-1980年数据为第一种口径的数据，1982-1999年的数据为第二种口径的数据。2000年人口普查数据的城乡人口的划分是第三种口径。
出生率（又称粗出生率） 指在一定时期内（通常为一年）平均每千人所出生的人数的比率，一般用千分率表示。计算公式：
出生率=年出生人数/年平均人数×1000‰
出生人数是指活产婴儿，即胎儿脱离母体时（不管怀孕月数），有过呼吸或其他生命现象。
年平均人数是年初、年底人口数的平均数，也可用年中人口数代替。
死亡率（又称粗死亡率） 指在一定时期内（通常为一年）一定地区的死亡人数与同期平均人数（或期中人数）之比，一般用千分率表示。计算公式：
死亡率=年死亡人数/年平均人数×1000‰
人口自然增长率 指在一定时期内（通常为一年）人口自然增加数（出生人数减死亡人数）与该时期内平均人数（或期中人数）之比，一般用千分率表示。计算公式：
人口自然增长率=(本年出生人数-本年死亡人数)/年平均人数×1000‰
人口自然增长率=人口出生率-人口死亡率
从业人员 指从事一定社会劳动并取得劳动报酬或经营收入的人员。包括：
（１）全部职工
（２）再就业的离退休人员
（３）私营业主
（４）个体户主
（５）私营和个体从业人员
（６）乡镇企业从业人员
（７）农村从业人员
（８）其他从业人员（包括民办教师、宗教职业者、现役军人等）
这一指标反映了一定时期内全部劳动力资源的实际利用情况，是研究我国基本国情国力的重要指标。
各单位的从业人员是指在各级国家机关、政党机关、社会团体及企业、事业单位中工作，并取得劳动报酬的全部人员。包括职工、再就业的离退休人员、民办教师以及在各单位中工作的外方人员和港、澳、台方人员。
各单位的从业人员反映了各单位实际参加生产或工作的全部劳动力。
经济活动人口 指在16岁以上，有劳动能力，参加或要求参加社会经济活动的人口。包括：从业人员和失业人员。
国有经济单位职工 指在国有经济单位及其附属机构工作，并由其支付工资的各类人员，国有经济单位职工不包括：返聘的离退休人员、民办教师、在国有经济单位工作的外方人员和港、澳、台人员。
城镇私营和个体从业人员 指在工商管理部门注册登记，其经营地址设在县城关镇（含城关镇）以上的私营企业从业人员。包括：私营企业投资者和雇工。城镇个体从业人员指在工商管理部门注册登记，并持有城镇户口或在城镇长期居住，经批准从事个体工商经营的从业人员。包括：个体经营者和在个体工商户劳动的家庭帮工和雇工。
城镇登记失业人员及失业率 指有非农业户口，在一定的劳动年龄内，有劳动能力，无业而要求就业，并在当地就业服务机构进行求职登记的人员。城镇登记失业率指城镇登记失业人数同城镇从业人数与城镇登记失业人数之和的比。计算公式为：
城镇登记失业率=城镇登记失业人数/(城镇从业人数+城镇登记失业人数)×100%
职工 指在国有经济、城镇集体经济、联营经济、股份制经济、外商和港、澳、台投资经济、其他经济单位及其附属机构工作，并由其支付工资的各类人员。
城镇集体经济单位职工 指在城镇集体经济单位及其管理部门工作，并由其支付工资的各类人员。
其他经济单位职工 指在联营经济、股份制经济、外商投资经济、港、澳、台投资经济单位工作，并由其支付工资的各类人员。
在岗职工 指在本单位工作并由单位支付工资的人员，以及有工作岗位，但由于学习、病伤产假等原因暂未工作，仍由单位支付工资的人员。
职工工资总额 指各单位在一定时期内直接支付给本单位全部职工的劳动报酬总额。工资总额的计算原则应以直接支付给职工的全部劳动报酬为根据。各单位支付给职工的劳动报酬以及其他根据有关规定支付的工资，不论是计入成本的还是不计入成本的，不论是按国家规定列入计征奖金税项目的，还是未列入计征奖金税项目的，不论是以货币形式支付的还是以实物形式支付的，均包括在工资总额内。
职工平均工资 指企业、事业、机关单位的职工在一定时期内平均每人所得的货币工资额。它表明一定时期职工工资收入的高低程度，是反映职工工资水平的主要指标，计算公式为：
职工平均工资=报告期实际支付的全部职工工资总额/报告期全部职工平均人数
离休、退休、退职人员 指正式办理了离休、退休、退职手续，并享受相应的离休、退休、退职待遇的人员。
离休、退休、退职人员保险福利费用 具体包括：
①离休金 指发给离休人员的离休金等。
②退休金 指按照国家有关规定发给退休人员的退休费等。
③退职生活费 指按照规定定期发给退职人员的生活费用等。
④医疗卫生费 指离休、退休、退职人员的医疗费、住院费以及住院伙食补助等费用。
⑤其他 包括易地安置的离休、退休、退职人员的安家补助费；离休、退休、退职人员的生活困难补助费、书报费、洗理费、副食品价格补贴、房租价格补贴、水电补贴、少数民族补贴以及老干部活动经费开支的旅游费用等。

Total population refers to the total number of people alive at a certain point of time within a given area.
The annual statistics on total population is taken at midnight, the 3lst of December.
Urban Population and Rural Population There are there definitions., 
The first definition (by the administrative system):
Urban Population refers to total population under the jurisdiction of city and the population of towns under the jurisdiction of counties.
Rural Population refers to total population of townships under the jurisdiction of counties.
The second definition (by the permanent residence):
Urban Population refers to total population of districts under the jurisdiction of a city with district establishment, the population of street committees under the jurisdiction of a city without district establishment, population of resident-committees of towns under the jurisdiction of a city without district establishment, and the of resident-committees of towns under the jurisdiction of a county.
Rural Population refers to total population except urban population.
The third definition (based on the statistical classification)
Urban Population/Rural Population are classified according to the Regulation of Statistics Classification on Urban and Rural Population (Draft), formulated by the National Bureau of Statistics in 1999.
Data from 1952 to 1980 are the figures according to the first definition. Data from 1982 to 1999 are the figures according to the second definition. Urban/rural population in 2000 is the figure according to the third definition.
Birth Rate (or Crude Birth Rate) refers to the ratio of the number of births to the average population during a certain period of time (usually a year), which is often expressed in ‰. The following formula is used:
Birth Rate = Number of Births /Average Number of Population * 1000‰
Number of Births refers to live births, i.e. the births when babies had showed any vital phenomena regardless of the length of pregnancy.
Annual Average Number of Population is the average of the number of population at the beginning of the year and that at the end of the year. Sometimes it is substituted for with the mid-year population.
Death Rate (or Crude Death Rate) refers to the ratio of the number of deaths to the average population (or mid-year population) during a certain period of time (usually a year), which is often expressed in ‰. The following formula is used:
Death Rate =Number of Deaths/Annual Average Number of Population * 1000‰
Natural Growth Rate of Population refers to the ratio of natural increase in population (number of births minus number of deaths) in a certain period of time (usually a year) to average population (or mid-year population) of the same period, which is often expressed in ‰. The following formulas are applied:
Natural Growth of Population =Number of Births-Number of Deaths /Average number of Population*1000‰
Natural Growth Rate of Population=Birth Rate - Death Rate
Employees refers to the persons who are engaged in social labor and receive remuneration payment or earn business income, including:
(1) Total staff and workers,
(2) Re-employed retirees,
(3) Employers of private enterprises,
(4) Employers of individual economy,
(5) Employed persons in private enterprises and individual economy,
(6) Employed persons in the enterprises in the urban areas,
(7) Employed persons in the rural areas,
(8) Other employed persons (including teachers in the schools run by the local people, people engaged in religious profession and the servicemen, etc.)
This indicator reflects the actual utilization of total labor force during a certain period of time and is often used for the research on China's economic affairs and national power.
Persons employed in various units refer to all the persons working in government agencies of various levels, political and party organizations, social organizations, and enterprises and institutions and receiving payment, including staff and workers, reemployed retirees, teachers in schools run by the local people, foreigners, and Chinese compatriots from Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan working in various units. This indicator reflects the total number of laborers actually engaged in production or other operations in various units.
Economically Active Population refers to the population, the members of which are aged 16 and over, capable to labor, participating in or desirous to participate in the social and economic activities, including employed persons and unemployed persons.
Staff and Workers in State-owned Economic Units refer to the persons who work in the state - owned economic units or their attached units and are listed in their payrolls, excluding the retired persons invited to work in the units again, teachers in the schools run by the local people and foreigners and persons coming from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan and working in the state - owned economic units.
Persons Employed in Private Enterprises and Employed Individuals in Urban Areas: Persons employed in private enterprises refer to the persons employed in the private enterprises which have been registered at the departments of industrial and commercial administration and are situated at a county town (i.e. a town where the county government is located) for business operation or at urban areas with the level higher than a county town. The employed individuals in urban areas refer to persons who hold the certificates of residence in urban areas or have resided in the urban areas for a long time and have been registered at the departments of industrial and commercial administration and approved to be engaged in individual industrial or commercial business, including self - employed persons as well as helpers and hired laborers who work in the individual households engaged in industrial or commercial business.
Registered Unemployed Persons and Registered Unemployment Rate in Urban Areas: The registered unemployed persons in urban areas refer to the persons who are registered as permanent residents in the urban areas engaged in non-agricultural activities, aged within the range of working age, capable to labor, unemployed but desirous to be employed and have been registered at the local employment service agencies to apply for a job. Registered unemployment rate in urban areas refers to the ratio of the number of the registered unemployed persons to the sum of the number of employed persons and the registered unemployed persons. The formula is as follows:
Registered unemployment rate in urban areas=the number of the registered unemployed persons/(the number of employed persons + the number of the registered unemployed persons)*100%
Staff and Workers refer to the persons who work in (and receive payment therefrom) enterprises and institutions of state ownership, collective ownership, joint ownership, share holding, foreign ownership, and ownership by entrepreneurs from Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan, and other types of ownership and their affiliated units.
Staff and Workers of Collective Owned Units in Urban Areas refer to the persons who work in collective owned units in urban areas and their administration departments and receive payment therefrom.
Staff and Workers in Units of Other types of Ownership refer to those who work in (and receive payment thereform) enterprises and institutions of joint ownership, share holding, foreign ownership, and ownership by entrepreneurs from Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan.
Staff and Workers at Post refer to persons who work in, and receive wages from their working units, as well as persons who have their work posts, but are temporarily absent from work for reasons of study or on sick, injury or maternal leave and still receive wages from their working units.
Total Wages of Staff and Workers refer to the total remuneration payment to staff and workers in various units during a certain period of time.
The calculation of total wages is based on the total remuneration payment to the staff and workers. Therefore, all the wages and salaries and other payments to staff and workers are included in the total wages regardless of their sources, category, and forms (in kind or cash)
Average Wage of Staff and Workers refers to the average wage in money terms per person during a certain period of time for staff and workers in enterprises, institutions, and government agencies, which reflects the general level of wage income during a certain period of time and is calculated as follows:
Average Wage of Staff and Workers=Total Wages of Staff and Workers in Reference Period/Average Number of Staff and Workers in Reference Period
Retired or Resigned Personnel refers to the persons who have formally gone through the formalities for their retirement or quitting work and enjoy the corresponding treatments.
Insurance and Welfare Funds for Retired and Resigned Staff and Workers: 
① Pensions for Retired Veteran Cadres: They refer to pensions and other subsidies paid to retired.
② Pensions for Retirement: They refer to living allowance and other subsidies paid to retired staff and workers in line with the relevant government documents.
③ Resignation Allowances for Living Expenses: They refer to living allowance and subsidies paid to resigned staff and workers in line with relevant government instructions.
④ Expenses for Medical Care: They refer to the costs for medical treatment, hospitalization and food subsidies in hospitals for retired and resigned staff and workers.
⑤ Others: They refer to other expenses, including moving and settlement allowance, allowance for difficult families, book and newspaper allowance, subsidy for non-staple foods, housing subsidy, water and electricity subsidy, special allowance for staff and workers of national minorities, traveling cost for senior retired staff, etc.